The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.